Nature conservation policies are founded on the mobilization of numerous scientists in multipleorganizations at different scales. In France, the scientific councils of protected areas are propitious places tostudy the relationships between science, society and nature. Participants in these councils confront theirknowledge, disciplines, professional points of view and representations to negotiate nature managementpractices. But these organizations were so far surprisingly little known. Drawing on science studies and thesociology of professional groups, this thesis proposes an ethnographic approach to analyze the effects ofinterprofessional relationships in different science regimes. The methodology combines ethnography ofalpine protected are...